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Equinix and DCU Anti-Bullying Centre Launch a New Partnership

Equinix, a global leader in digital infrastructure, has announced a new partnership with Dublin City University’s Anti-Bullying Centre. In this piece, Peter Lantry, Equinix’s Managing Director for Ireland, and Professor James O’Higgins Norman, Director of DCU Anti-Bullying Centre and UNESCO Chair in Bullying and Cyberbullying, discuss their shared goal of a world without bullying. 

What was it that first sparked your interest in the DCU Anti-Bullying Centre – and how does their work align with the values of Equinix as a company? 

Peter: Firstly, I am passionate about anti-bullying on a personal basis. I experienced bullying myself when I was young, and I think people need to understand that it isn’t something to be ashamed of. I have two children now, and the world they’re growing up in is defined by different types of bullying – it’s online, it’s more insidious, and we need to keep ahead of it.

Secondly, I could immediately see a connection between James’s work here and our values at Equinix. Equinix is aligned with DCU’s Anti Bullying Centre in that both organisations want to make people feel safe, feel a sense of belonging and know that they matter, no matter who they are. In Equinix, we’re solving problems together, and we need to treat each other with respect and care to be able to do that. On a social level, we have Connected Groups, such as Connected Pride, Connected Faith and Connected Black, that bring people together and allow them to express themselves. In our work too, we embed training that prioritises managing bias, being an active ally and being aware of privilege.

How does the support of Equinix help further the impact of DCU Anti-Bullying Centre?

James: I am very excited about working with Equinix and with Peter. This is a company that is very purposeful in terms of how it approaches humanity – both in how it engages with its employees and with wider society. The core aim of DCU is to transform lives and societies, and we want to work with partners who share that vision and commitment. Equinix is clearly such a partner.

The goals of the DCU Anti-Bullying Centre and the UNESCO Chair in Bullying and Cyberbullying are to ensure that bullying is eradicated from schools, societies and workplaces. It may be an ambitious goal, but we believe in it. With the right resources, enterprise and creativity, it is possible.
We cannot resign ourselves to bullying in our institutions. Bullying is a threat to democracy itself. If we accept that some people should have more power than others, that undermines the central idea of democracy: that all should have an equal voice.

Our research is working to develop a more nuanced and deeper understanding of bullying. An individual bullying encounter happens within a context, and within a societal structure, and we need to deepen our understanding of the wider context that allows bullying to continue. This research is vital if we are to eradicate bullying from society.

We’re using our learnings to develop resources and guides that can be used wherever bullying takes place, so this is not ivory tower research. This is research driven by creativity, innovation and enterprise, and we look for partners who can help us as we find new ways of doing things. We could see that Equinix is an innovator that does things ethically, so it made sense for us to work together.

The eradication of bullying is an inspiring goal – Peter, what is your view on the ambitions James has described?

Peter: Equinix has the global reach to support that vision that James has set out. One of our own goals is to ensure that everyone is treated equally and to support talent irrespective of where it comes from – and our work with DCU Anti-Bullying Centre supports that goal. The learnings of this Centre will help Equinix and other companies to think about how we do business, and will inform best practice in our teaching and training.
Speaking to James sheds light on what can be done and what needs to be done, and I’m very interested in the science and research behind this. DCU Anti-Bullying Centre has information, shared tools and effective techniques to tackle bullying, and I would like to see those employed around the world. Equinix is in 72 cities across the globe, and we have connections around the world. Our partnership can start to expand the reach of the Anti-Bullying Centre.

James, how does building a partnership like this make a difference? 

James: As a leading European research centre with a global reach, and in the global role of UNESCO Chair on Bullying and Cyberbullying, having a global partner like Equinix can help us to enhance our reach.

I think it’s really important that people in leadership, people like Peter, can name bullying as an issue, both as someone who has experienced bullying and as an ally. I think conversations about bullying are often given other names, like wellness, but it is important that we name the behaviour, and that people aren’t afraid to talk about it and call it out and have an open and honest conversation about why it happens in our society. We need to recognise bullying as a societal process that needs to be addressed. So often, people look the other way because they fear becoming the next target, and people who experience bullying are left on their own.

We need the right teaching and training so that people can recognise bullying behaviours in themselves, and recognise how they respond to bullying behaviours from others. It’s a social process, so how I respond is as important as the actions of the bully and the person being bullied. We need the right people, people like Peter, who are willing to speak and to take action. The whole of society needs to change – and we need allies to call that out.

In addition to partnering with the DCU Anti-Bullying Centre, Equinix also supports the DCU Access to the Workplace programme, which helps to level the playing field for students who we know experience disadvantage in the workplace after graduation. What about this initiative resonates with you, Peter?

Peter: Access to the Workplace is so important for many reasons. Even getting an interview in many companies can be an issue of access and privilege. Yet even from a selfish point of view, companies need to address those barriers in order to get the right talent in. Taking part in the DCU Access to the Workplace programme is a key part of that process for us.

DCU Access to the Workplace supports access for students who may not have the same opportunities, and enables representation where there may be bias. It’s about trying to give a chance to everyone who deserves a chance. It’s a brilliant initiative to widen a company’s access to talent while also ensuring that everyone has access to the opportunities they need.

If you’re interested in supporting and learning more about the DCU Anti-Bullying Centre, please contact DCU Educational Trust today at edtrust@dcu.ie.

Standing on the Shoulders of Giants

A Tribute to Professor Dan Olweus

As we celebrate this year’s Anti-Bullying Week, it is fitting that we pause to pay tribute to the founding figure of bullying research, Professor Dan Olweus, who passed away in September 2020.

It is difficult to overstate the significance of Olweus’ anti-bullying work.  Olweus was the first to identify that bullying was a phenomenon which required systematic study in order to prevent and reduce incidents.  Until his work, little attention has been paid to bullying and it was largely accepted as an inescapable, normal part of growing up. His work began in Sweden in 1970 to identify the prevalence rates of bullying in schools with 1,000 boys aged 12 – 16 years old. The results of this work Aggression in the Schools: Bullies and Whipping Boys” was published in English in 1978 and has now been translated into 25 different languages. One way the influence of his work can be demonstrated is by the graph below which traces the presence of the words “bully”, “bullies”, and “bullying” [1] in books from 1900 – 2019.

Olweus also formulated the most widely used and adapted definition of bullying.  This aspect of the work was vital to enable common understanding and vocabulary about the problem and to develop ways to address it.  Although consensus of a single definition of bullying has not been established, Olweus argued that the commonly recognised characteristics that define bullying include: (i) the intention of the bully to cause harm; (ii) repetition and; (iii) an imbalance of power.  Indeed, these characteristics are used in Northern Ireland Anti-Bullying Forum’s own definition of bullying, “the repeated use of power by one or more persons intentionally to harm, hurt or adversely affect the rights and needs of another or others”. Drawing on his experience from Sweden, Olweus developed his ‘Bully/Victim Questionnaire’ measuring tool which was anonymous and could be administered by teachers.  This questionnaire was different from other surveys on the subject because it provided a definition of bullying, the questions referred to a specific time period and it had fairly specific response alternatives. When the ‘Bully/Victim Questionnaire’ was administered to children the following definition was used to ensure a shared understanding of what was being measured:

“We say a pupil is being bullied when another pupil, or several other pupils

  • say mean and hurtful things or make fun of him or her or call him or her mean and hurtful names;
  • completely ignore or leave him or her out from their group of friends or leave him or her out of things on purpose;
  • hit, kick, push, shove around, or lock him or her inside a room;
  • tell lies or spread false rumours about him or her or send mean notes and try to make other pupils dislike him or her;
  • and other hurtful things like that.

When we talk about bullying, these things happen repeatedly, and it is difficult for the pupil being bullied to defend himself or herself. We also call it bullying when a pupil is teased repeatedly in a mean and hurtful way.

But we don’t call it bullying when the teasing is done in a friendly and playful way. Also, it is not bullying when two pupils of about equal strength or power argue or fight.”

After identifying, defining and measuring the problem of bullying, Olweus pioneered a further aspect of anti-bullying work by conducting the first systematic study of a bullying intervention program. The purpose of Olweus Bullying Prevention Program was to reduce and prevent bullying problems amongst school children and improve peer relations in school.  Results from six large-scale evaluations involving more than 40,000 students have shown average reductions by 20% – 70%[2] in pupil reports of being bullied and bullying others. Peer and teacher ratings of bullying problems have produced comparable results. The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program has gained both international and national recognition as the most researched and best-known bullying prevention programme available today.

Olweus’ influence on anti-bullying work is immeasurable.  The theme of this year’s Anti-Bullying Week “United Against Bullying”, in which multiple organisations and agencies share a common understanding, language and purpose to prevent bullying, is possible largely in part due to the major contributions Olweus made in this area for over fifty years. Our collective understanding of bullying and how it continues to evolve in new ways will continue to benefit from the ability to stand on the shoulders of giants, like Olweus, who have laid the foundations.

Dr Donna Kernaghan

Vice Chair, Northern Ireland Anti-Bullying Forum

[1] https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/resilience-bullying/202010/the-legacy-professor-dan-olweus-part-one

[2] file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/olweus_research_history.pdf

 

DCU’s newly-appointed UNESCO Chair welcomes funding success for research on bullying of Roma children

Dublin City University has announced the appointment of Prof. James O’Higgins Norman as holder of the UNESCO Chair on Tackling Bullying in Schools and Cyberspace. Prof. O’Higgins Norman is Director of the National Anti-Bullying Research and Resource Centre (ABC), which is located in DCU’s Institute of Education.

The award of the UNESCO Chair to DCU is part of a global partnership between UNESCO [United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation] and the University in a major international research collaboration aimed at tackling the growing phenomenon of bullying in schools and online.

The prestigious appointment comes as the National Anti-Bullying Research and Resource Centre (ABC) has secured EU funding to assess the prevalence and impact of bullying among Roma children in Ireland and Cyprus.

The European Commission has identified the Roma community as one of the most disadvantaged groups in the EU and asserts that discrimination, fed by pressure, harassment and bullying in schools, can act as serious deterrents to Roma parents sending their children to school.

“This extremely important research will shine a light on areas of society and schools where children and young people experience bullying because of their identity. Measuring the international extent of bullying and the development of a set of measures aimed at preventing bullying will form a key aspect of my role as UNESCO Chair for the next four years”, says Prof. O’Higgins Norman.

The newly-funded project, ‘BREATH – Bullying Experiences Among Roma Children’, has been allocated €179,695 to address the lack of scientific research on Roma children and their experiences of school by:

Working with the Roma community and its advocates in Ireland and Cyprus to cooperatively create new, effective research measures.

Developing a ground-up strategy of inclusion for the European Commission.

Creating a cross-national advisory document for Roma inclusiveness in schools, to be implemented beyond the life of the project.

Project Lead and Researcher with the National Anti-Bullying Centre, Dr Mairéad Foody, says, “The lack of safe and secure education for Roma children is one of most serious human rights shortcomings and violations across Europe. We are delighted to work with our new partners – Musicantia, NASC Ireland and KISA in Cyprus – to push for a more inclusive school system in Ireland and Europe.”

The study has received two years of funding under the EU DG Justice 2017 Action Grants. This funding is granted by the European Commission to projects or organisations which help implement EU programmes or policies.

The award of the UNESCO Chair on Tackling Bullying in Schools and Cyberspace is initially for four years and involves researchers and academics in Ireland and across the globe working together to document incidents of bullying and violence in schools and the widespread harm associated with cyberspace bullying, particularly among young people.

The work of the new UNESCO Chair includes:

To examine the extent of bullying internationally.

To develop robust strategies to prevent bullying.

To provide teachers, educationalists and parents with guidelines on how to intervene to prevent harmful practices arising in the school environment.

To deliver a range of reports on bullying and associated recommendations over the four years of the initiative.

The School Life Survey: a new instrument for assessing school bullying and victimization. (BL: DXN059656)
2002
Chan, J.H.F.
University of Hull

The primary aim of this study was the development and validation of a new instrument, the School Life Survey, to establish differentiated rates for the different types of bullying and victimization locally. A total of 562 inner-city grade 1 to 8 school children from two schools in Toronto participated with parental consent, in addition to another sample from the pilot study. High whole-school participation rates were achieved. The validity and reliability of the new instrument received extensive investigation, with excellent Pearson test-retest ratings obtained for both the SLS Bullying Scale and the SLS Victimization Scale. The feasibility of the School Life Survey as a non-anonymous tool was tested and confirmed using a balanced experimental design. The availability of norms for the School Life Survey allows it to be used psychometrically to differentiate levels of severity, and to identify bullying and victimization with greater accuracy and confidence. The study reviewed the conceptual and methodological issues in the definition and measurement of bullying and victimization. A number of hypotheses were set up in respect of the gender and age trends, and comparisons were made with the literature’s existing database. The phenomenon of serial bullying, multiple victimization and familial patterns of bullying were discussed in the context of a new nomination procedure for identifying bullies. Limitations of the study were pointed out, along with directions for future research. Implications for effective interventions and the role of the school psychologist in bringing about innovative changes were discussed.

The impact of self-generated images in online pornography
2017
Monaghan, Andy
Middlesex University

This investigation seeks to evaluate the impact on individuals, and society, of Self-Generated Images (SGI’s) in online pornography. It presents an inquiry into the extent, and modes, of SGI use among a large sample of adult internet users. This form the initial platform for a theoretical analysis of the rapidly emerging topic, alongside an empirical investigation into how SGI’s are used, and criminally abused. A mixed research method strategy was consequently adopted, employing a quantitative anonymous online survey (Stage 1), qualitative face-to-face interviews with serving Metropolitan Police Service officers in the SOECA unit (Stage 2), and qualitative Skype interviews with active SGI users (Stage 3). The thesis is divided into three main sections. Firstly, in chapters one-to-four, the context for this study into SGI’s is explained, including the specific UK statute laws regarding licit and illicit pornographic images. Commonly used pornographic terminologies are defined. Furthermore, existent research on the topic of SGI’s/online pornography is scrutinized, and several theoretical issues are given a discourse in relation to SGI’s. An analysis of the free speech/online pornography debate is included, together with an examination of the criminal abuse of SGI’s. The second part, chapter five, provides a rationale for the adoption of a mixed research methods strategy in pursuing the aims of this study. Many methodological issues regarding the three stages of the primary fieldwork are addressed; these include: ontology, epistemology, research paradigms and axiology, ethical underpinnings, practical considerations, and the strengths and limitations of methods chosen. In the third section, chapters six-to-eight, the study’s key findings include a taxonomy of the six main types of SGI. Passive SGI viewing is very pervasive, particularly among the key demographic groups of younger adults, Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender (LGBT) and males, and may be becoming the norm. Free PornTube websites are predominately used; but also, increasingly, social network sites (SNS’s) and messaging/image sharing apps. Most adults use SGI’s safely for sexual stimulation; however, some use them for educational and humorous purposes. For a minority of active creators of SGI’s, disastrous personal consequences can result because of subsequent criminal abuse, including cyber-bullying/trolling, sextortion, etc. Gay and bisexual men have highly accelerated rates of SGI use on hooking-up sites, often leading to hazardous risk taking. Children face grave dangers from making and sharing sexualised SGI’s as online child sexual abuse (CSA), grooming and sextortion, etc. may transpire. In the UK’s schools, Personal, Social and Health Education (PSHE), and Sex and Relationships Education (SRE), are in a parlous state regarding the issues and dangers of SGI’s. Finally, this inquiry provides some original insights into the areas of applying and generating theories, using mixed research methods, and the empirical findings uncovered.

About Us

About Us

DCU Anti-Bullying Centre (ABC) is a national university designated research centre located within DCU’s Institute of Education. The Centre is known globally for its research excellence in bullying and online safety. It is home to scholars with a global reputation as leaders in the field. The work of the Centre builds on 25 years of research in which they were the first in Ireland to undertake studies on school, workplace, homophobic and cyberbullying. Today, the Centre brings together over 50 researchers and PhD students from Ireland and abroad to create a critical mass of people with an expertise in tackling bullying, online safety, gaming and other related areas.

The Centre contributes to solving the real-world problems of bullying and online safety through collaboration with an extensive community of academic and industry partnerships. The extent of our resources and the collaboration between disciplines drive quality education, understanding and innovation in this field.

The objectives of the Centre are aligned to support the United Nations overarching goal to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all by 2030” (SDG4) and supports the implementation of the Government of Ireland’s Action Plan on Bullying (2022), Action Plan for Online Safety (2018-2019), Wellbeing Policy Statement and Framework for Practice (2018-2024), and the WRC/HSA Joint Code of Practice on the Prevention and Resolution of Bullying at Work (2021).

The Centre hosts the UNESCO Chair on Bullying and Cyberbullying and the peer reviewed International Journal of Bullying Prevention (Springer) which is published 4 times per year. Since 2018, the Centre has attracted €8.8 million in research funding from the EU, the Government of Ireland, the Irish Research Council, and Rethink Ireland, as well as significant funding from industry partners including Meta, Vodafone Foundation Ireland, and TikTok.
Researchers at the Centre are currently working on projects for four government departments and are represented on the National Advisory Council on Online Safety and the Government’s Steering Committee on Bullying.

The Centre has a combined FWCI of 2.7 which represents a significant scholarly and societal impact.

Purpose

To transform the lives of people and global societies through promoting positive social relationships.

Vision

To be a globally recognised centre for innovative research and education in anti-bullying and online safety.

Values

Excellence in research and education is the foundation of what we do. We are guided by our values of integrity and respect; we act with compassion and foster a global culture of inclusion and collaboration.

Spirit

We are united by our purpose and the mutual support from our global community to achieve our aims. We take pride in our ethical way of working and the positive social impact our research has on tackling bullying and promoting online safety. We believe our spirit will flourish because we are ethical, ambitious, collaborative, compassionate and committed to improving well-being in society.

DCU Anti-Bullying Centre Strategic Plan

2021 – 2024

The objectives of Excellence and Inclusion are aligned to DCU’s core vision to be a globally significant university that is renowned for its discovery and translation of knowledge to advance society. To read our strategic plan, click here.

International Journal of Bullying Prevention: Special Issue Call for Papers on Role of Teachers in Preventing and Intervening in Bullying

The International Journal of Bullying Prevention has a special issue call for papers on the role of teachers in preventing and intervening in offline and online bullying and the guest editors for this special issue are:

  • Prof Lucy R. Betts, Nottingham Trent University, UK (Guest Editor, International Journal of Bullying Prevention)
  • Dr Peter J.R. Macaulay, University of Derby, UK (Managing Editor, International Journal of Bullying Prevention)

Key Dates:

  • 500 word expression of interest/abstract due on Friday 17th November 2023
  • Invitations to submit full-length manuscript for the special issue released on Friday 8th December 2023
  • Full-length manuscript submission due on Monday 15th April 2024

Please note that invited authors to submit a full-length manuscript should follow the submission guidelines set out by the International Journal of Bullying Prevention. Submitted manuscripts should be between 6,000 and 9,000 words.

Special Issue: Message from the Editors

“This special issue will aim to present recent research evidence on the role of teachers in preventing and intervening in traditional bullying and cyberbullying.

The aim of this special issue is to bring together and spotlight research that:

  • Examines the contextual and situational factors that constrain or support teachers in their efforts to prevent and intervene in traditional bullying and cyberbullying incidents.
  • Details the optimal strategies teachers endorse to manage bullying and cyberbullying situations across different educational settings and populations of students.
  • Examines the role and views of pre‐service and in‐service teachers on the prevention and intervention of traditional bullying and cyberbullying.
  • Illuminates how teachers can best work in concert with other major stakeholders to attenuate these issues.

Research focusing on other clearly related subtopics may be considered, and will be evaluated based on feasibility, merit, and overall fit with the goals of the special issue and journal as a whole.”

Manuscript Submission:

Initial expressions of interest, with an abstract (approx. 500 words) should be sent via email to Dr Peter Macaulay (email: p.macaulay@derby.ac.uk) and Prof Lucy Betts (lucy.betts@ntu.ac.uk) on or before Friday 17th November 2023. Abstracts will be reviewed by the editors, and authors will be notified following the selection process by Friday 8th December 2023.

Those authors invited to submit a full‐length manuscript will need to submit the final manuscript on or by Monday 15th April 2024. All submissions will undergo a blind peer‐review process. Please note that invited authors to submit a full‐length manuscript should follow the submission guidelines set out by the International Journal of Bullying Prevention. Submitted manuscripts should be between 6,000 and 9,000 words. If accepted, final publication can be expected around 2024.

Witnessing bullying at work: Employee silence in higher education institutions

Title image: Witnessing Bullying at work: Employee Silence in HEIs

A new paper titled ‘Witnessing bullying at work: Employee silence in higher education institutions’ from Dublin City University’s Anti-Bullying Centre investigated workplace bullying in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) in Ireland.

The paper is published by Dr. Angela Mazzone, Dr. Anastasios, Dr. Vasiliki Pitsia, Dr. Yseult Freeney, and Professor James O’Higgins Norman, who conducted a study to investigate the associations between employee silence and several predictors in a sample of employees working in Irish HEIs. The study was conducted as workplace bullying is a widespread phenomenon within HEIs and employee tendency to remain silent is one of the most common reactions to workplace bullying. However, employee silence in the context of workplace bullying is poorly studied. Hence, the current paper built upon the Conservation of Resources Theory and the Learned Helplessness Theory by investigating employee reluctance to take action when witnessing workplace bullying (employee silence). The sample for the study consisted of 560 employees working in 20 HEIs across Ireland. 

Respondents completed a survey that measured employee silence, victimisation, and team psychological safety. The results showed a negative association between team psychological safety and employee silence, indicating a reluctance to report bullying among respondents with low levels of team psychological safety. Further, a positive association was found between victimisation and employee silence. The paper concludes with a discussion of possible actions for bullying prevention in HEIs.

The publication is available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/hequ.12472

2018 EMEA Child Safety Summit

Today ABC researchers are guests at the annual Facebook and Google EMEA Child Safety Summit held at Facebook offices in Dublin. The focus of the event is to increase awareness and discuss the new aims to protect user privacy online, with leading experts and researchers working in online safety, bullying and social media use.

Expert panel on peer pressure and healthy relationships online and offline

Facebook announced new safety procedures that will allow users to review and make choices about how their data is used. This is in line with the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) which comes into effect on the 25th of May. This will limit the advertising and what content is shown to 13 to 15 year old users unless they have permission from a parent. If you’re a parent and you’re not on Facebook you will receive an email.

You can learn more about Facebook, setting up profiles and increasing your privacy and security by going to Facebooks Parents Portal.